Diphtheria
Diphtheria is a vaccine-preventable bacterial disease that can block the throat, damage the heart and nerves, and spread through respiratory droplets or infected skin lesions.
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Health Topics
Browse Qlopedia topics grouped under Health.
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Tetanus
Tetanus is a serious vaccine-preventable disease caused by a bacterial toxin that can trigger painful muscle stiffness, spasms, and life-threatening breathing problems.
Rabies
Rabies is a nearly always fatal viral infection once symptoms begin, but urgent wound care and post-exposure prophylaxis can prevent disease after a risky exposure.
Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral infection that is usually silent, but rare severe cases can inflame the brain and cause lasting neurologic injury.
Chikungunya
Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral illness known for sudden fever and joint pain that can be severe and sometimes lasts for months.
West Nile virus
West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that usually causes no symptoms, but in rare cases can invade the nervous system and cause serious disease.
Yellow fever
Yellow fever is a vaccine-preventable viral disease spread by mosquitoes that can range from a mild fever to severe liver disease, bleeding, shock, and death.
Zika
Zika is a mosquito-borne viral infection that is often mild or silent, but it matters deeply in pregnancy because infection can harm fetal development.
Dengue
Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral illness that can cause high fever and severe aches, and in some cases can progress to dangerous bleeding, shock, or organ injury.
Malaria
Malaria is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites that spread to people through bites from infected Anopheles mosquitoes.
HPV
HPV is a common group of viruses spread through skin-to-skin sexual contact, with some types causing warts and others causing cancers years later.
HIV
HIV is a virus that attacks immune cells, but testing, prevention medicines, and antiretroviral treatment can let people live long lives and prevent transmission.
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is a bloodborne liver infection caused by HCV that often becomes chronic, but modern antiviral treatment can cure most infections.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a vaccine-preventable liver infection caused by HBV that can be short-term or chronic and may lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer.
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is a contagious liver infection caused by hepatitis A virus, usually spread through contaminated food, water, close contact, or poor sanitation.
Botulism
Botulism is a rare but life-threatening illness caused by botulinum toxin, which attacks nerves and can lead to muscle weakness, paralysis, and breathing failure.
Cholera
Cholera is a bacterial intestinal infection that spreads through contaminated water or food and can cause rapid dehydration from severe watery diarrhea.
Campylobacter
Campylobacter is a group of bacteria that commonly causes diarrheal illness after exposure to contaminated poultry, raw milk, water, animals, or kitchen surfaces.
E. coli
E. coli are common bacteria that usually live harmlessly in intestines, but some strains can cause diarrhea, urinary infections, outbreaks, and serious kidney complications.
Listeria
Listeria is a foodborne bacterium that can cause listeriosis, a rare but serious infection that is especially dangerous during pregnancy, older age, and weakened immunity.
Salmonella
Salmonella is a group of bacteria that can cause salmonellosis, a foodborne infection marked by diarrhea, fever, stomach cramps, and occasional severe disease.
Norovirus
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes acute gastroenteritis, often with sudden vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, and outbreaks in close-contact settings.
Lyme Disease
Lyme disease is a tick-borne bacterial infection that can cause fever, fatigue, rash, joint problems, nerve symptoms, and heart complications if it is not recognized and treated.
Shingles
Shingles is a painful rash illness caused when varicella-zoster virus, the virus behind chickenpox, reactivates later in life or during weakened immunity.